Safran Federal Systems, a leading innovator in high-tech positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) products, announced the opening of a 12,000-square-foot expansion at its headquarters located at 320 North Goodman Street in downtown Rochester, New York. Safran Federal Systems Expands Operations in Rochester, NY with Major Facility Upgrade ROCHESTER, N.Y., September 5, 2024 Safran Federal Systems, a leading innovator in high-tech positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) products, announced the opening of a 12,000-square-foot expansion at its headquarters located at 320 North Goodman Street in downtown Rochester, New York. This significant expansion marks the company’s latest milestone in its ongoing commitment to growth, innovation, and community investment. Safran Federal Systems first established its presence in the Village Gate Square within Rochester’s Neighborhood of the Arts (NOTA) in 2018 but its roots in the greater Rochester area go back to 1972. Over the years, the company has progressively expanded its footprint, most recently completing construction on a brand-new second-floor space earlier this year. The newly opened space, dubbed the North Star Operations Center (NOC), will be dedicated to the production and manufacturing of the company’s cutting-edge PNT products, further accelerating Safran’s business operations and enhancing its capability to meet growing market demands. The name 'North Star' pays tribute to its location on North Goodman Street, the historical significance of the North Star in navigation—a key area of expertise for Safran—and the connection to the renowned abolitionist Frederick Douglass, who resided in Rochester for 25 years and published his influential anti-slavery newspaper, The North Star, from the city. To commemorate this exciting development, Safran Federal Systems hosted a ribbon-cutting ceremony in partnership with the Greater Rochester Chamber of Commerce, featuring company executives, elected officials, and community leaders, including Congressman Joe Morelle (NY-25), Assembly member Harry Bronson (NY-138), Assemblymember Jen Lunsford (NY-135), Rochester Deputy Mayor Michael Burns, Greater Rochester Chamber of Commerce President & CEO Robert J. Duffy and Director of Membership Kevin Donahue. “Safran continues to lead the charge in innovative technologies like GPS, inertial navigation, and even designing and maintaining the system of bells and clocks used throughout the United States Capitol,” said Congressman Joe Morelle. “This expansion is a testament to their commitment to our region and their place as a national leader in defense technologies. I’m grateful for our close relationship and I look forward to our continued work together.” "This expansion is not just a testament to our business growth, but also to our deep-rooted commitment to the Rochester community," said Scott Hildebrandt, Vice President, Operations of Safran Federal Systems. "We are thrilled to be creating new jobs and contributing to the economic revitalization of this vibrant neighborhood. Our investment here reflects our confidence in the future of this city and our dedication to being a positive force for change." The new facility underscores Safran Federal Systems' mission to drive innovation while fostering local economic development. The company’s expansion is expected to create dozens of new jobs, providing valuable opportunities for local talent and supporting Rochester’s broader economic landscape. As Safran Federal Systems looks ahead, the company remains focused on its goals of continued growth and innovation. By investing in both its infrastructure and its community, Safran is not only positioning itself for long-term success but also ensuring that the benefits of its growth are shared with the people and neighborhoods of Rochester. About Safran Federal Systems Safran Federal Systems provides Assured PNT solutions and custom engineering services to U.S. Government agencies, defense organizations and their contractors. Safran Federal Systems is authorized to work on the full spectrum of U.S. Government classified and unclassified projects, in addition to supporting strategic partnerships for key defense PNT technologies. Your Assured PNT Mission Partner, from the Lab to the Field. ™ Safran Federal Systems is a proxy-regulated Safran Defense & Space, Inc. company. For more information: www.safranfederalsystems.com Follow us on: @SafranFedSys Safran Federal Systems Safran Federal Systems Press Contact: Rachael Smith rachael.smith@safranFS.com +1 (614) 736-3736 VIEW PDF

Testing a CRPA before fielding is essential for defense accuracy. Learn how CRPA testing works and explore methods to verify controlled reception pattern antennas. Home • Applications • CRPA Testing CRPA Testing Controlled Reception Pattern Antenna Testing What is a CRPA? • Testing a CRPA • Anechoic • Wavefront • Videos • Documents What is a CRPA? The acronym stands for Controlled Reception Pattern Antenna. CRPAs are designed to reduce the effects of RF interference or establish signals’ angle of arrival. Using multiple antenna elements, they minimize jamming signals, using null generation or null steering or maximize “truth” signals using beam forming or beam steering. CRPAs are a very useful antenna system for platforms that need to operate in environments where jamming and interference are commonly present. For this reason, CRPAs are becoming increasingly common, particularly in the Defense sector. They are an extremely effective anti-jam/spoof solution, because they adapt dynamically in response to jamming or spoofing signals. WHAT IS A CRPA What Makes a CRPA? CRPAs begin with some sort of multi-element antenna, but the real magic happens within the antenna electronics, where the RF then proceeds downstream to the GPS receiver. These items can be connected to each other in-line or in a single enclosure. Single-enclosure antennas are sometimes called “integrated CRPAs”. Fundamentally, they work the same way. Ways to Test a CRPA Testing a CRPA prior to fielding is critical − especially in applications like defense, where the stakes are high. There are several test methods for testing CRPA antennas. You should evaluate these methods, their costs and suitability for the use case to ensure that your needs are fully met. Record Replay Realistic, actual recorded data – not generated. Unable to make changes, limited test cases. Difficult to find a suitable recording environment. To record threats, you have to go where threats are. GNSS Simulator Lowest cost option due to advances in technology. Previously very expensive and complex equipment. Innovation now allows us to do some cool things. Flexibility to cover multiple test cases quickly. Anechoic Chamber A complete anechoic chamber system, including simulation equipment and an actual physical chamber. Very expensive, high effort. Physical limitations and building standards. Several potential unknowns Field Testing Bring device out in the field Staged environment and generated threats. Facilitates tangible conditions. Costly: must employ event staff, obtain threat licenses. Little control as attendee. TESTING A CRPA BroadSim Anechoic The anechoic method is the only way to test an entire system as-is, because it allows testing of both the antenna and the antenna electronics integrated in a single package without modification. Still, it requires that the chamber be an optimal size to accommodate the device or system under test, and you could be limited by the antenna setup in the chamber. Skydel auto-calibrates the system, maps the antennas, and is designed to streamline chamber setup and reduce the multiplication of hardware systems. Interference can be integrated with Skydel software or an external generator. VIEW PRODUCT ANECHOIC BroadSim Wavefront The wavefront method brings all signals for each antenna element to the antenna electronics via cables. It prioritizes the ability to have dynamic trajectories for the receiver and for the interference transmitter, which lets you do a great deal of testing. You can essentially model any scenario with an unlimited number of interferences. A wavefront system is packaged lab-ready. Although it doesn't test the antenna, the important part to test is the antenna electronics, making it a good solution for testing CRPAs. It is the lowest-cost option considering all the variables. Be aware of any limitations such as signals, jammers and spoofers, and scalability for future needs. Skydel Wavefront is scalable from two to sixteen elements, is phase coherent, performs real-time automated phase synchronization, and has built-in jamming and spoofing. VIEW PRODUCT WAVEFRONT Play Video Play Video 360 in 180 The Next Generation of CRPA Testing Reimagined for the User Play Video Play Video Generating Threats With BroadSim Wavefront Play Video Play Video The Next Generation of CRPA Testing Reimagined for the User VIDEOS Documents DOCUMENTS Want more info? Ask one of our experts. We'll respond within one business day. CONTACT US

The 8230AJ anti-jam antenna is a high gain (40 dB) GNSS outdoor antenna with a unique conical antenna pattern that rejects interference from the horizon. Home • Products • GPS Jamming & Spoofing • 8230 AJ 8230 AJ GPS/GNSS Anti-Jam Antenna 8230 AJ PRODUCT | GPS JAMMING & SPOOFING Receivable Signals GPS L1, GLONASS L1, BeiDou B1, Galileo E1, QZSS L1 Size 100mm dia. (3.9") 101.5mm H (4") base to top 127.2mm H (5") including "N" connector Compliance IP67 and RoHS ANY QUESTIONS? GET QUOTE About The 8230AJ anti-jam antenna is a high gain (40 dB) GNSS outdoor antenna with a unique conical antenna pattern that rejects interference from the horizon. The antenna rejects signals at lower elevation angles – where most of the interference comes from – and only receives signals from higher elevation angles where the true satellites are. This way, you get all the performance and timing accuracy you would with a standard antenna plus 20 dB or more of interference rejection. It uses a three-stage low noise amplifier, a mid- section SAW, and a tight pre-filter to protect against saturation by high level sub-harmonics and L-band signals. The antenna covers GPS L1, GLONASS L1, BeiDou B1, Galileo E1, and QZSS L1. Designed for harsh environments The 8230AJ Antenna is ideal for applications with high interference. Its weather-proof housing is IP67 compliant offering a high degree of protection against dust and water. Its cylindrical radome is made of high impact UV stabilized polycarbonate to protect against rain, ice, snow and salt spray. Click to download the 8230 AJ data sheet. VIEW DATA SHEET

Safran’s naval inertial navigation system offerings support small boat, ship and submarine applications, enhancing maritime precision and hours of operation. Home • Products • Inertial Navigation Systems • Naval Inertial Navigation Systems Naval Inertial Navigation Systems Safran’s naval inertial navigation system offerings support small boat, ship and submarine applications. Our product family offers navigation integrity with up to 360hrs of operation (1nM drift) and MTBF up to 200,000hrs. Browse Naval Products PRODUCT | Black-Onyx™ Submarine inertial navigation system Black-Onyx™ and Black-Onyx™ Dual Core inertial navigation system are designed for all kinds of oceanic class submarines. Thanks to the HRG Crystal™ inertial technology, these families offer the highest autonomous and stealthiest navigation performance ever reached in the market. BLACK-ONYX™ LEARN MORE PRODUCT | Geonyx-M™ Inertial navigation for amphibious vehicles and speed boats Geonyx™ is a land true-inertial navigation, target geolocation & artillery pointing system - designed for navigation, geolocation and equipment pointing. It can achieve a pointing accuracy of <0.5 mils thanks to HRG Crystal technology. It has quick and flexible alignment - even in GNSS denied environments. And it is the most compact, robust and reliable inertial navigation system on the market. GEONYX-M™ LEARN MORE PRODUCT | NAVKITE™ Land and Sea INS NAVKITE is a compact, hybrid navigation system that allows special forces to operate in GNSS-denied environments, combining Safran's GEONYX™ M inertial navigation system with the VersaSync® time/frequency platform. NAVKITE™ LEARN MORE PRODUCT | Argonyx™ Trustful navigation for surface vessels Designed for surface vessels, from patrol boats to aircraft carriers, Argonyx™ family provides accurate attitudes & precise localization for sensors stabilization & weapons alignment, even in full GNSS denied environments. ARGONYX™ LEARN MORE VIEW DATASHEET Use Cases for Inertial Navigation Systems Visit our PNT Library to learn more about how our INS systems can support the warfighter. VIEW WEBPAGE Land Vehicle Navigation in GNSS-Denied Environments for Defense Applications Equipment Pointing & Radar Directional Capabilities For Defense Applications Surface Vessel Navigation For Defense Applications Land Vehicle Navigation in GNSS-Denied Environments for Defense Applications 1/3

Raytheon Technologies (Raytheon) was selected by the U.S. Army to provide its next-generation, 360-degree-capable radar in October 2019. Raytheon chose Orolia to provide a customized mobile time and frequency reference system to support the LTAMDS radar program... Home • PNT Library • Raytheon Selects Orolia’s Time and Frequency Platform to Support Next-Gen Missile Defense System Raytheon Selects Orolia’s Time and Frequency Platform to Support Next-Gen Missile Defense System DOWNLOAD PDF By Case Study DOWNLOAD PDF

"Fun" and "productive" aren't your typical words used to describe testing, but with PANACEA, testing is more than just a task. Capture meaningful data, get quicker results with less effort, and make faster decisions. Home • PNT Library • GPS Receiver Testing From the Lab to the Field GPS Receiver Testing From the Lab to the Field DOWNLOAD PDF By Safran Federal Systems It’s Hard to Keep Time and Data Straight Multiple receivers testing in parallel Time tagging and error computation in real-time Data in numerous formats-apples-to-apples comparison Comprehensive data logging with simple quick look reports Agile testing - test and adapt quickly using results Final reports and conclusions automatically generated Leveraging PANACEA, it’s possible to script entire tests, control hardware, and log data. Getting Results with Less Effort - Making Field Tests Fun and Productive GPS vulnerability testing began with the creation of the NAVWAR program and investigates navigation system performance in the presence of interference signals. This testing is crucial for the design, development, fielding, sustainment and mission planning of the DoD as well as commercial PNT systems. The testing is typically conducted in three steps involving modeling and simulation, lab/ chamber testing, and live fire field test exercises. Safran professionals have been engaged in NAVWAR initiatives since the early 2000s, supporting efforts across all three stages of development. This involvement has extended to working alongside U.S. defense organizations tasked with advancing navigation warfare capabilities. While these government entities lead such efforts, numerous product groups and vendors are required to test and validate their systems to ensure reliable performance for their customers. Safran has partnered with these stakeholders by providing proven expertise, test methods, and tools for system evaluation. With compounding test variables from evolving threats to complex integrations, the testing process and ability to capture meaningful results is daunting. PANACEA was built to support hardware-in-the-loop testing regardless of whether it’s in the lab, chamber or at a live fire field test. Beginning with lab testing, PANACEA reduces the risks of field tests and identifies the projected results allowing for organizations to concentrate on the tests that matter most. These pre-run scenarios can then be prepared for live fire field testing. Similar hardware can then be used to reduce field testing costs while also streamlining the test execution and errors that may result from human control. Using PANACEA,timelines can be simple or complex with the ability to change signal interferences quickly and accurately. The units under test are also controlled, configured, and reporting data to the PANACEA computer, allowing for the time synchronization between live fire events and the logged receiver data. The true power is the knowledge gained in real-time, allowing testers to quickly quantify test success or failures with the ability to be agile and retest scenarios on the fly. Lab Testing Prior testing in the lab is paramount to a successful field exercise. Understanding the systems capabilities and pre-running the scenarios of interest provide a baseline to form hypotheses from. Thousands of scenarios can automatically be tested and then modified to arrive at the scenarios of highest interest. Engineers can then use these tested and calibrated scenarios at field events for increased success. These baselines also support a benchmark for field testers to understand if things are “going well” in the field. Lab testing also vets the data collection process and enables final report baselines which often forces the testers to rethink the questions that need to be asked, and the data required to answer those questions. Configuring Units Under Test (UUTs) The most important part of any test is the UUT. Ensuring the UUT is configured correct such that data can be gathered on its performance while not impacting the test. This setup could be identical to the lab setup, again reducing risk and cost. One major difference when field testing versus lab testing is that the timeline continues to move forward instead of a fixed start and stop time. PANACEA allows the user to select the start time to be time synchronized with a receiver/live sky orto use the PC system time. This time scale allows all the receiver data to be gathered and coordinated to permit apples-to-apples comparison. A truth reference is also included (A GNSS receiver tracking a non-effected constellation) to permit real-time error computations while dynamic or at arbitrary points. The other option would be to presurvey the points and use those as the reference in your scenario. Taking the Lab to the Field n preparation for field testing, the inevitable question of what hardware will be used comes up. In some cases, lab equipment must stay in a sterile environment, but in many cases, lab equipment can be outfitted to support field tests as well. The value is more than the added cost of having to purchase two separate systems. Using common equipment reduces risk in commonality between tests as well as operations, maintenance and tester training in operating different equipment. PANACEA has been built to support the direct injection of RF as well as Over-The-Air (OTA) transmission ensuring that field tests match what was run in the lab. Data Reduction and Dissemination While the focus of a field test is generally on the test articles, participants and timelines, a larger consideration should be the data collection process and how that data will be used to arrive at conclusions. Many hours are spent on building test log formats, time scales, and data entry forms. These are still beneficial to provide cross checks, but the focus should be on automating the data collection and the ability to quickly and confidently analyze the data. Time stamping is crucial, and in some cases, external references must be used. These files should also have a consistent format to enable easy comparisons and analysis without question. These files along with the analysis artifacts need to be made available to support the report and permit future testers to dig into the data in preparation for future tests. PANACEA and Panorama provide a cohesive data collection and reporting capability that enables testers to show the data in real-time providing near instant after action reporting. By providing senior leaders and test supervisors results within hours after the test completion, decisions regarding how to proceed with the following tests can be made as opposed to blindly testing and collecting data. The quick look reports can then be created the same week and provide results for a reduced timeline. In most cases, the longer the reporting takes and the further from the test event the analyst is pushed, the more likely the report will be flawed. Summary The ability to conduct them as efficiently as possible has always been a function of understanding the systems in the planning process and the ability to quickly and cohesively gather data during the event. PANACEA was designed specifically for these actions and has become a primary resource for many organizations conducting NAVWAR exercises. Using common hardware, processes, and reporting in all phases of testing, PANACEA provides the lowest cost, risk and schedule while enabling the highest results. Maybe the least considered attribute to testing in this manner is the tester feedback. Making the tests “fun” and less stressful on test engineers also promotes better results. Stress free test engineers tend to focus on the results and conclusions and less on the laborious button pushing, data filing, and recollection of what happened during the tests. DOWNLOAD PDF

Safran Federal Systems is thrilled to announce that it has been honored with the prestigious 2025 USA TODAY Top Workplaces award, along with recognition from the Rochester Top Workplaces program. Safran Federal Systems Earns Prestigious 2025 USA TODAY and Rochester Democrat and Chronicle Top Workplaces Awards Rochester, NY, April 10th, 2025 Safran Federal Systems is thrilled to announce that it has been honored with the prestigious 2025 USA TODAY Top Workplaces award, along with recognition from the Rochester Top Workplaces program. These awards celebrate organizations that have built exceptional, people-first cultures. Winners are selected for their commitment to fostering workplace environments where employee listening and engagement are truly valued. USA TODAY recognized the national award winners both online and during the National Awards Summit in Las Vegas, while the Rochester honorees were celebrated at a local awards ceremony. “We are incredibly proud to be named one of the Top Workplaces in both the United States and Rochester by USA TODAY and the Rochester Democrat and Chronicle,” said Hironori Sasaki, President and CEO of Safran Federal Systems. “While it’s been an honor to consistently receive this recognition in the Rochester community over the past several years, this national distinction is a powerful reflection of the dedication and excellence of our entire team. It speaks to the supportive, inclusive, and innovative culture we’ve built—where every individual is empowered to grow and succeed. This achievement is both a celebration of our people and a reaffirmation of our commitment to fostering a workplace defined by collaboration and excellence.” The winners are determined by authentic employee feedback captured through a confidential survey conducted by Energage , the HR research and technology company behind the Top Workplaces program since 2006. The results are calculated based on employee responses to statements about Workplace Experience Themes, which are proven indicators of high performance. "Earning a Top Workplaces award is a testament to an organization’s credibility and commitment to a people-first culture," said Eric Rubino, CEO of Energage. "This award, driven by real employee feedback, is more than just a recognition — it’s proof that your employees believe in the organization and its leadership. Job seekers and customers look for this trusted badge of credibility and excellence. It signals a company that values its people, and that kind of culture resonates in today’s competitive market." Safran Federal Systems is a trusted DoD mission partner providing cross-cutting Position, Navigation and Timing (PNT) solutions from the lab to the field. We leverage our industry leadership in Timing, Navigation, Simulation and NAVWAR to offer a unique blend of cost-effective A-PNT solutions bred through innovation. Our expertise in open systems architecture enables rapid delivery of emerging technologies to the warfighter across all domains Your Assured PNT Mission Partner, from the Lab to the Field. ™ Safran Federal Systems is a proxy-regulated Safran Defense & Space, Inc. company. For more information: www.safranfederalsystems.com Follow us on: @SafranFedSys Safran Federal Systems Safran Federal Systems Safran Federal Systems Press Contact: Rachael Smith rachael.smith@safranFS.com +1 (585) 747-6131 VIEW PDF

Prepare for tomorrow. Find vulnerabilities today. Dive into the world of GPS interferences, how threats have evolved, and how engineers are using methods such as simulation to innovate and mitigate. Home • PNT Library • Simulation Against Jamming and Spoofing Simulation Against Jamming and Spoofing DOWNLOAD PDF By Tim Erbes DOWNLOAD PDF

BroadSense is a GNSS interference and detection sensor designed to detect jamming & spoofing, utilizing sophisticated receivers and 75+ advanced algorithms. Home • Products • GPS Jamming & Spoofing Detection • BroadSense BroadSense GPS Jamming and Spoofing Detection Sensor BroadSense PRODUCT | GPS JAMMING & SPOOFING DETECTION Frequencies GPS L1, GPS L2 Antenna Integrated or External Screen Real-time visual data Outputs J/S measurements, Custom NMEA message via USB or UART ANY QUESTIONS? GET QUOTE About BroadSense is a GPS jamming and spoofing detection sensor designed to provide real-time and historical situational awareness data. Utilizing sophisticated GNSS receivers and patented jamming and spoofing detection algorithms, BroadSense can detect when the GPS signal or GPS spectrum is compromised. Applications – UAV Platforms – Dismounted Warfighters – Cell Towers – GPS degraded or denied environments Features – Advanced RF front end (AGC, LNA, etc.) – No RF calibrations required – Low Size, Weight and Power (SWaP) BroadSense detects interference, data anomalies and inconsistencies, GPS simulators, jumps in position and time, and everything in between Algorithms rigorously tested and field-proven for over a decade Regularly updated to conform to new and emerging threats Extremely easy to integrate and operate Protect Proactively An increased number of GPS jamming and spoofing attacks have been reported and documented in recent years. High-quality software-defined radios (SDRs) capable of GPS jamming and spoofing are more affordable than ever. Open-source projects have turned these low-cost SDRs into GPS jammers and spoofers. Without the ability to detect jamming or spoofing, PNT systems can be unreliable due to reporting errors from the GPS receiver. It is more critical now than ever to ensure the necessary precautions are taken to protect these systems. RESOURCES Early Prototype Demo Button Watch BroadSense Nano in action demonstrated using BroadSim to generate interference signals. Click to download the BroadSense data sheet. VIEW DATA SHEET

Designed for surface vessels, from patrol boats to aircraft carriers, Argonyx™ family provides scalability, operational efficiency, and reliability. Explore now Home • Products • Inertial Navigation Systems • Argo nyx ™ Argonyx™ Trustful navigation for surface vessels Argo nyx ™ PRODUCT | INERTIAL NAVIGATION SYSTEMS Consumption < 25 W Weight < 31 lbs Size 10 x 10.3 x 16.3 (in) MTBF > 200,000 h ANY QUESTIONS? GET QUOTE About Designed for surface vessels, from patrol boats to aircraft carriers, Argonyx™ family provides accurate attitudes & precise localization for sensors stabilization & weapons alignment, even in full GNSS denied environments. Scalability: from small patrol boats to aircraft carriers. Operational efficiency: accurate attitudes & precise localization for sensors stabilization & weapons employment, even in GNSS denied environments. Reliability: Argonyx™ offers the highest MTBF of the market, and is maintenance free thanks to HRG Crystal™. No Maintenance Fully Certified Easy to Use Virtually maintenance free thanks to HRG Crystal™ technology and a system MTBF over 200,000hrs. Proven Safran INS technology installed on over 1000 ships worldwide, meeting the toughest naval certifications and standards. Designed to easily interface with Combat Management Systems, “set and forget” once installed on a platform. Three versions available Argonyx™ SP4 or SP16: 1Nm/4h or 1Nm/16h precision Argonyx™ HP: 1Nm/24h precision Argonyx™ XP48 or XP72: 1Nm/48h or 1Nm/72h precision Click to download the Argonyx ™ data sheet. VIEW DATA SHEET

Enhance PNT resiliency in GPS denied environments with layered defense technologies . Explore defense strategies for mission-critical operations. Home • Applications • GPS Denied Environments Navigating GPS-Denied Environments Modern Threats and Solutions The Resilient PNT Stack • GPS Denied Environments Explained • GNSS Interference Impacts • Why This Challenge Is Increasing • Technologies that Enable Resilient PNT Understanding the Challenges of GPS-Denied Environments In GPS-denied environments , Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) systems face fundamental challenges in sustaining accurate positioning, precise timing, and reliable system performance. As contested electromagnetic environments become the norm, the challenge is no longer limited to recovering lost GPS signals. Instead, the focus has shifted to maintaining confidence in alternative PNT sources, including inertial systems, terrestrial signals, and network-based solutions. Ensuring the integrity, validation, and continuous availability of these inputs is critical to preventing error accumulation and maintaining operational trust. Success in these environments requires resilient PNT architectures that can seamlessly integrate multiple data sources, detect and reject corrupted inputs, and sustain accurate, synchronized outputs without reliance on GPS. The Resilient PNT Stack Today's assured Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) capability depends on a multi-layered architecture designed to operate effectively when GNSS is degraded or untrusted. Rather than relying on a single source, resilient systems integrate complementary technologies that collectively ensure accuracy, continuity, and confidence. Key layers of a resilient PNT stack include: Multi-GNSS and encrypted receivers (M-Code) to provide protected and diverse satellite signal access Signals of Opportunity to augment and cross-check GNSS inputs Jamming and spoofing detection to identify, classify, and mitigate interference Resilient timing architectures to maintain precise synchronization across systems Inertial holdover technologies (IMUs, HRG gyros) to sustain navigation during signal loss Testing and simulation environments to validate performance under contested conditions PNT c onfidence is not derived from any single capability, but from how these layers integrate, adapt, and perform under stress. A truly resilient PNT stack ensures systems can continue to operate with trusted data, even in the most challenging operational environments. The Resilient PNT Stack GPS Denied Environments Explained What Is a GPS Denied Environment? A GPS-denied environment is any operational scenario in which satellite-based positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) signals cannot be reliably used. This occurs when GNSS signals are: Unavailable - blocked or fully disrupted by terrain, structures, or environmental conditions Degraded - intermittent, weak, or of insufficient quality to support accurate operations Compromised - intentionally interfered with through jamming or spoofing In these conditions, systems can no longer depend solely on GPS, requiring alternative methods and resilient architectures to maintain accurate and trusted PNT data. Where Can It Occur? GPS-denied conditions can arise across a wide range of operational scenarios, including: Contested or electronic warfare environments where adversaries actively jam or spoof GNSS signals Urban canyons and defense infrastructure where buildings and structures obstruct or reflect signals Indoor or subterranean environments where satellite signals cannot penetrate High-interference or signal-restricted zones where electromagnetic congestion or policy limits degrade access In these environments, systems must operate without assured GNSS availability, requiring resilient PNT architectures to maintain accuracy, integrity, and synchronization under degraded or denied conditions. GPS Denied Environments Explained How GNSS Interference Impacts Navigation and Operational Impact When faced with a loss of GNSS signals, the repercussions can extend far beyond navigation. Systems that rely on satellite-based guidance may begin to behave unpredictably or inaccurately, introducing operational risk. Undetected Position Drift Without GNSS corrections, systems experience position drift and accuracy issues, which can be further exacerbated by factors such as jamming, signal interruptions, and spoofing. In military operations, even minor discrepancies can impact mission safety and effectiveness. Mitigation requires both interference detection and robust navigation strategies. Timing Degradation Precise timing underpins synchronization across distributed systems. When GPS timing is lost or disrupted: Networks fall out of syncData integrity is affectedCoordinated operations begin to degrade Encrypted military receivers (M‑Code or SAASM) and multi-GNSS timing architectures help preserve timing integrity longer when disruptions occur. Without these protections, timing drift accelerates and directly affects synchronization-dependent systems. Spoofing and False Confidence GNSS spoofing manipulates signals to transmit false data, compromising navigation reliability. Robust anti-spoofing technologies are essential to detect and counter these deceptive signals.Detection technologies such as the BroadSense Nano and BroadShield play a critical role by identifying jamming, spoofing, or anomalous GNSS behavior in real time. Once interference is detected, systems can shift navigation weighting toward other GNSS constellations or inertial holdover to maintain trusted PNT. Cascading System Effects Navigation, communications, sensing, and decision-making systems are all key components that work in conjunction to ensure the smooth operation of a complex network. Disruption to one element can have a cascading effect across the network. This interconnected nature highlights the importance of maintaining trusted PNT inputs to avoid widespread operational degradation. GNSS Interference Impacts Why This Challenge Is Increasing In today's military operations, GPS-denied conditions have become a common occurrence rather than a rare occurrence. This shift can be attributed to several key factors, such as: • The advancements in electronic warfare capabilities that specifically target GNSS signals • The need for increased resilience of GPS-dependent systems across platforms • Increasingly complex operating environments that present higher levels of signal interference • Presence of peer and near-peer adversaries actively seeking to disrupt positioning and timing As a result, systems must now be designed with a focus on resilience rather than relying on the assumption of constant GPS availability, in order to ensure continued operational effectiveness in challenging situations for military and defense systems. Why This Challenge Is Increasing Where This Matters Where Resilient PNT Matters in Mission Critical Operations GPS-denied resilience is critical across a range of military mission and operational contexts: Electronic warfare environments and C-UAS operations Autonomous and semi-autonomous systems Mission planning and rehearsal Multi-domain operations (Air, Land, Sea, Space) In each case, the ability to maintain positioning and timing confidence directly impacts mission success. A Different Approach to Resilience Maintaining performance in GPS-denied environments isn't just about adding redundancy, it's about understanding how systems behave under stress. At Safran Federal Systems, we focus on: Identifying where and how systems degrade Supporting validation in realistic, disrupted conditions Enabling more resilient navigation and timing architecture True resilience comes from integrating multiple layers of PNT protection—GNSS testing and simulation, resilient timing architectures, interference detection, and high-grade inertial systems. Together, these PNT layers mitigate drift, strengthen confidence, and sustain operations in GNSS-denied conditions. Technologies thatEnable Resilient PNT Technologies that Enable Resilient PNT In navigating GNSS-denied environments, modern systems require layered alternatives. Autonomous navigation systems, inertial reference systems, and time synchronization play key roles in overcoming navigation challenges. Integrating PNT strategies enables platforms to operate effectively when traditional satellite signals are disrupted. GNSS Testing & Simulation Before deploying a system, it is crucial to thoroughly test its performance in degraded conditions. By simulating various failure points early on, one can ensure that the system will operate confidently in real-world scenarios. This testing is invaluable in identifying potential weaknesses and making necessary improvements to guarantee optimal functioning when it matters most. Conducting these tests allows for a more robust and reliable system that can withstand the challenges of unpredictable environments. Resilient Timing Architectures Reliable timing synchronization is crucial for ensuring key systems function seamlessly, especially in situations where GPS timing may not be reliable. It helps prevent communication breakdowns, coordination errors, and data corruption. Resilient architectures ensure platforms maintain synchronization, when timing becomes unreliable. Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) When GNSS inputs degrade or become untrusted, inertial sensors serve as the backbone for holdover navigation. High-performance IMUs and technologies such as HRG gyros sustain accuracy over longer periods, reducing drift and preserving mission continuity until reliable GNSS or alternative signals return. This technology has become increasingly important in various industries, including aerospace, marine, and defense, where continuous and precise navigation is essential for mission success. Navigation Warfare (NAVWAR) With the rise of sophisticated tools that can disrupt military signals, such as GPS jamming and spoofing, it is essential to stay ahead of the curve in detecting and mitigating these threats. The vulnerabilities of GPS systems have created a need for advanced techniques to detect live threats and protect against potential disruptions. By investing in NAVWAR tools that can effectively detect GPS spoofing and jamming, military operations can maintain their effectiveness in the face of modern navigation challenges. Continuing the Conversation If you're working on systems that require operation in GPS-denied or degraded environments, we're happy to discuss potential solutions for you. Our team has experience helping other navigate these challenges and we are here to offer our expertise. SPEAK TO AN EXPERT

​This C4ISRNET white paper highlights measures to assure maintainence of critical operations for U.S. forces; featuring Tyler Hohman of Orolia Defense & Security. Protecting the U.S. Military From GPS Jamming and Spoofing U.S. troops first used GPS to create an informational and navigation advantage on the battlefield during the 1991 Persian Gulf War. The success of GPS and the PNT advantage led to a huge increase in the technology’s use by the military. However, as the United States has relied more on GPS, any absence of these Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) capabilities has led to greater risk. U.S. forces who need GPS to provide critical, precise information may lose their operational advantage without it. U.S. adversaries have learned that this vulnerability can be exploited. If they can deny U.S. forces the advantage of GPS-based PNT capabilities, they can reduce their effectiveness. This white paper from C4ISRNET discusses how preparation and countermeasures can assure U.S. forces maintain critical capabilities. Topics: The Advantages and Risks of GPS The Threat of Jamming and Spoofing Finding Effective Alternatives When GPS is Unavailable Detection of Spoofing and Jamming Countermeasures to Maintain GPS and PNT Integrity VIEW PDF